e-bike-law

Lights and safety equipment

4 September 2026 · Eskuta

Lighting and reflectors for riding after dark

When riding on a public road between sunset and sunrise, your e-bike must be fitted with:

  • White front light
  • Red rear light
  • Red rear reflector
  • Amber pedal reflectors (front and rear of each pedal)

A few practical points:

  • Flashing or steady is fine. Lights may flash or shine constantly.
  • Steady lights should meet the standard. If you run a steady (non-flashing) light, it should be approved to the relevant British Standard (BS 6102/3).
  • Daytime riding does not legally require lights, but being seen is always sensible.

Brakes

Your e-bike must have brakes that are in efficient working order. The braking system should comply with the applicable British/European standard (BS EN ISO 4210-2:2014, paragraph 4.6.8, or an equivalent). In plain terms: two independent, well-maintained brakes that actually stop the bike.

Helmets

There is no legal requirement to wear a helmet on an EAPC — but it is strongly recommended for every rider. A helmet only becomes a legal requirement if the bike is reclassified as a moped or motorcycle.

Markings and labelling

An EAPC should also display certain markings, either on a plate or on the frame:

  • The manufacturer's name
  • The motor's continuous rated power (250W)
  • The battery voltage (if shown on a plate), or the motor's maximum speed (if marked on the frame)

These markings help confirm a bike is a genuine EAPC — useful if you are ever checked. See the full EAPC compliance checklist.

Keep it maintained

Lights fail, pads wear and reflectors fall off. Roadworthiness is an ongoing responsibility, not a one-off at purchase — particularly for high-mileage delivery and commuter riders. A quick pre-ride check of lights and brakes takes seconds and keeps you both legal and safe.

← Back to the complete guide to UK e-bike laws

Informational only, not legal advice. Verify the current rules on GOV.UK before riding.

Common questions

What lights do I legally need on an e-bike at night?
A white front light, a red rear light, a red rear reflector and amber pedal reflectors when riding between sunset and sunrise.
Can my bike lights flash, or must they be steady?
Either is allowed. If you use a steady light, it should meet the relevant British Standard.
Do I legally need a helmet on an e-bike?
No, not for an EAPC — but a helmet is strongly recommended for all riders.
What brake standard does an e-bike need?
Brakes must be in efficient working order and comply with BS EN ISO 4210-2:2014 or an equivalent European standard.
Every Eskuta is built to these rules, not around them. 250 W, assistance to 15.5 mph, working pedals — and a signed Declaration of Conformity with every bike.
See the range